認識Amit 和Zott(2001)提出Sources of Value Creation in E-Business，有助於思考企業如何邁向電子化的營銷流程再造。
- reducing information asymmetries between buyers and sellers
- speed and facility with which information can be transmitted via the Internet makes convenient and easy
- reduce customers’ search and bargaining costs
- enhance transaction efficiency by enabling faster and more informed decision making
- lower costs by reducing distribution costs, streamlining inventory management, simplifying transactions
- allowing individual customers to benefit from scale economies through demand aggregation and bulk purchasing, streamlining the supply chain, and speeding up transaction processing and order fulfillment
2. 互補(Complementarity)
- offering bundles of complementary products and services to their customers
- offline assets that complement online offerings
- capitalizing on complementarities among activities such as supply-chain integration
- complementarities among technologies such as linking the imaging technology of one business with the Internet communication technology of another
3. 鎖定(Lock-in)
- prevents the migration of customers and strategic partners to competitors
- switching costs...
> loyalty programs rewarding repeat customers with special bonuses
> dominant design proprietary standards for business processes, products, and services
> trustful relationships with customers
> customization and personalization - Network externalities are usually understood as positive consumption externalities in which 'the utility that a user derives from consumption of the good increases with the number of other agents consuming the good'. There may also be indirect network externalities that arise when economic agents benefit from the existence of a positive feedback loop with another group of agents.
- innovate in the ways they do business (in the structuring of transactions)
- innovative transaction methods
- the appropriate selection of participating parties
